Titlebook: Uncertainty in Pharmacology; Epistemology, Method Adam LaCaze,Barbara Osimani Book 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 Drug Developmen

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Modelling Individual Response to Treatment and Its Uncertainty:A Review of Statistical Methods and Crived from appropriate studies and provided in a way that easily transforms from the statistical model into clinical practice. This chapter discusses four methodological strategies to provide information for treatment decisions: subgroup analysis, regression models, models for ., and prediction mode

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Epistemic Gains and Epistemic Games: Reliability and Higher Order Evidence in Medicine and Pharmacol our game with nature and the scientific ecosystem: an “elitist” and a “pluralist” approach. The former is focused on reliability as minimisation of random and systematic error, and is grounded on a categorical approach to causal assessment, whereas the latter is more focused on the high context-sen

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Values in Pharmacologyof values that have an influence in pharmacology. Furthermore, a criterion is proposed to distinguish between legitimate and illegitimate influence of non-epistemic values in pharmacological science. According to this proposal, practical considerations may not legitimately lower the demands of evide

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Book 2020uses in particular on the diverse sources of uncertainty, the different kinds of uncertainty that there are, and the diverse ways in which these uncertainties are (or could be) addressed. Compared with the more basic sciences, such as chemistry or biology, pharmacology works across diverse observabl

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Defining Aspects of Mechanisms: Evidence-Based Mechanism (Evidence , a Mechanism), Mechanism-Based Elies two separate concepts:.These two terms are more specific than the ambiguous terms “evidence of mechanism” and “mechanistic evidence”..Mechanistic reasoning combines these two approaches with the results of probabilistic clinical observations.

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Extrapolating from Model Organisms in Pharmacology establishes mechanistic similarities between a model and humans, the more reliable the extrapolation. We present case studies from the research on atherosclerosis and the development of statins, that illustrate these strategies and the role of mechanistic evidence in extrapolation.

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