科研SCI論文實驗寫作至發(fā)表完全攻略（十一）

七、英語學術(shù)論文寫作的幾個細節(jié)

A. 時態(tài)：當提到本文、此圖、此表等說明了、表達了什么時要用一般現(xiàn)在時，而不用一般過去時。This paper describes ……The focus of this paper is ……Figure 1 shows ……Most of the common condensation polymers are listed in Table 1-1.

B. 數(shù)：在學術(shù)論文里，有時很難顧及數(shù)的邏輯。但一般不將邏輯上的問題視為語法錯誤。只須注意在一個句子中的數(shù)和謂語動詞的統(tǒng)一即可。單、復(fù)數(shù)的選用有一些非定性、但可供參考的趨向：

◆◆當含意上強調(diào)復(fù)數(shù)時建議用復(fù)數(shù)。The catalyst concentrations for the different reactions are different.Our research focuses on the syntheses and characterizations of a series of polycarbonates with different chemical structures.The physical and chemical properties of this compound have been studied.The chain lengths of the oligomers with different molecular weights are different.

◆◆當含意上不強調(diào)復(fù)數(shù)時可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。Our research focuses on the synthesis of polycarbonates.The property of the compounds in group 1 is different from the property of the compounds in group 2.The chain length of the oligomers increases with increasing reaction time.

◆◆在標題、小標題中或描述一類事物、現(xiàn)象等，提到具體物質(zhì)時常用復(fù)數(shù)。【Polyesters】Polymers are macromolecules built up by large numbers of small molecules. The small molecules which combine with each other to form polymer molecules are termed monomers.在標題、小標題或描述一類事物、現(xiàn)象等，提到抽象概念時可用單數(shù)、也可用復(fù)數(shù)。【Step Copolymerization】Newer Types of Step Polymerizations. This chapter will consider the characteristics of step polymerization in detail.

◆◆學術(shù)論文、有關(guān)學術(shù)的科普文章中的名詞的可數(shù)或不可數(shù)特性的劃分區(qū)別于非學術(shù)文章《非學術(shù)文章中的可數(shù)或不可數(shù)特性可從字典查到》。以下是在學術(shù)文章中通常視為可數(shù)名詞的單詞：《但在一般字典中它們或它們做某種含義解時可能被劃歸不可數(shù)名詞》。

application       development        consideration

composition      concentration        distribution

structure        length         weight