Titlebook: Marine Ecological Processes; Ivan Valiela Book 19952nd edition Springer Science+Business Media New York 1995 Ocean.aquatic.biodiversity.ca

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Taxonomic Structure: Species Diversityation within many specific taxonomic groups is clearly greater in the tropics than in temperate latitudes, both in terrestrial and in marine environments (Fig. 10-1). Low numbers of species are also typical of severe and disturbed habitats. Such observations have spawned an abundant and contentious

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Spatial Structure: PatchinessFig. 2-30). Moreover, such heterogeneity occurs at all spatial scales. We can use the size of a patch of higher abundance or the distances among such patches as a way to assess the scale of heterogeneity. There are significantly higher or lower rates of production in distances of 10. to 10.m within

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Seasonal Changes in Marine Ecosystemsemical processes and meteorological and physical processes. The examples show how some of the detailed mechanisms examined in previous chapters are involved in the control of function in marine ecosystems.

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Producers and Processes Involved in Primary Productionf producer species with widely different phyletic origins (Taylor, 1978; Raven and Richardson, 1986), including single-celled phytoplankton and bottom-dwelling benthic algae, large many-celled macroalgae or seaweeds, symbiotic producers such as corals, and higher plants such as seagrasses.

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Trophic Structure 1: Controls in Benthic Food WebsFood webs are descriptions of what consumes that. Data for construction of food webs come from inferences from anatomical structures, observations of consumption, gut analysis, and more recently, from stable isotope signatures.