Titlebook: Lupus; Molecular and Cellul Gary M. Kammer,George C. Tsokos Book 1999 Springer Science+Business Media New York 1999 Antigen.apoptosis.autoi

修正案

Molecular Mimicry, Altered Apoptosis, and Immunomodulation as Mechanisms of Viral Pathogenesis in Sdependent lines of evidence have implicated environmental factors and genetic determinants of the host in the causation of lupus .. Cognate T-B recognition may be necessary to produce specific autoantibodies. Helper T cells from patients with active lupus enhance production of autoantibodies, wherea

ambivalence

Eosinophils

Immune Effects of Bacterial DNA and Their Possible Role in the Pathogenesis of Lupus,e. Extensive studies demonstrated that DNA was a poor antigen and that it did not readily induce immune responses. On the other hand, DNA is a polyanion and, like other polyanions, such as dextran sulfate, can have a broad range of biologic effects. In recent years it has become clear that fairly mi

ALE

Agility

Genetic Insights into Murine Lupus,tinguish” self antigens from nonself is the end result of an elaborate network of interrelated pathways that function to “tolerize” antiself B and T cells. Indeed, potentially autoreactive lymphocytes have been documented to be weeded out through a systematic array of B- and T-cell tolerance checkpo

國家明智

Murine Graft-vs-Host Disease,ans. Pathogenic autoantibodies are typically of the IgG class, a T-cell—dependent isotype, suggesting that the polyclonal B-cell hyperactivity in SLE is T-cell—driven. Studies of T-cell function in humans with SLE have reported a number of diverse and occasionally contradictory immunologic defects (

全神貫注于

candle

B Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus,ells (APCs). The overactivity of B cells and the production of a variety of autoantibodies comprise hallmarks in the immunopathology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) .. Some of the produced autoantibodies clearly contribute to the induction of tissue injury, whereas others represent markers of

小歌劇

Mechanisms of the Pathogenic Autoimmune Response in Lupus, a generalized hyperactivity of T and B cells .. However, autoimmunity in lupus is not global; it is directed mainly against nuclear antigens .. Although autoantibodies that bind DNA play a major role in the development of lupus nephritis, B cells of normal subjects can produce “natural” anti-DNA au

harbinger