Titlebook: Leptospira spp.; Methods and Protocol Nobuo Koizumi,Mathieu Picardeau Book 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Natu

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Cell Monolayer Translocation Assay,mmune response, disseminate, and establish infection. Cell monolayer translocation assay allows for the quantification of . strain’s competence to cross cell barriers while measuring the integrity of the polarized eukaryotic cell monolayer during this process.

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Cell Enumeration of , by Flow Cytometry,croscope, but this method remains time-consuming and lacks reproducibility. New alternative techniques are then of great interest. Here we describe the protocol for counting leptospires by flow cytometry. This method is rapid, reproducible, sensitive, and hence suitable to become a new standard to enumerate . spp.

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The Single-Step Method of RNA Purification Applied to ,erful ability of guanidinium thiocyanate to inactivate RNases and on the different solubilities of RNA and DNA in acidic phenol. This method allows one to reproducibly obtain total RNAs with high yield and integrity, as determined by capillary electrophoresis, suitable for the RNA sequencing technology.

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In Situ Structural Analysis of , spp. by Electron Cryotomography,ation, data collection, tilt series alignment, and tomographic reconstruction for visualization of intact periplasmic flagella in . spp. This protocol is capable of determining protein structures at resolutions high enough to visualize their individual domains and secondary structures in their cellular environment.