Titlebook: Introduction to the Physics of Electrons in Solids; Henri Alloul Textbook 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011 Band structures.Elec

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Electron Transport in Solids,e been used for centuries as a raw material for forging tools and weapons of various kinds. But their most characteristic feature, namely their good electrical conductivity (about 20 orders of magnitude greater than insulators), has only been recognised for a few centuries, since Coulomb and Ampère

畢業(yè)典禮

Introduction to Superconductivity,pletely loses all memory of its quantum state as specified by its quasi-momentum .. It is thus impossible to follow a Bloch state over any distance much greater than the mean free path. To understand the microscopic origin of these collisions, one had to measure the conductivity of very pure metals

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Thermodynamics of Superconductors,tion of this phenomenon is the Meissner effect. The existence of a diamagnetic transition is today the main experimental signature sought to establish the presence of superconductivity in new materials.

Allodynia

Microscopic Origins of Superconductivity,rconductivity phenomena so far observed. Note, however, that the discussion of the model based on Cooper pairs in Chap. 5 seriously distorts the actual chronology of these discoveries. London did indeed realise as early as 1950 that superconductivity would have to be treated as a macroscopic quantum

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Magnetism of Insulators,on does not help us to understand the existence of magnetic fields spontaneously induced by materials like iron or cobalt when there are no macroscopic currents imposed by external sources. Only quantum mechanics can explain electronic states corresponding to permanent currents at the microscopic sc

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Magnetic Anisotropy, Domains, and Walls,tisation along one crystal axis. We can thus understand the existence of magnetic hysteresis, but not the vanishing magnetisation when a material has never been in the presence of a magnetic field. This effect can be attributed to the existence of magnetic dipole interactions between the microscopic

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Measurements in Magnetism: From the Macroscopic to the Microscopic Scale,ction strength for a ferromagnet or levitation height for a superconductor. These observations involve the field induced by one of the materials on the other, and are very difficult to exploit as the fields depend sensitively on the shape of the materials.

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痛恨

The Thermodynamics of Ferromagnets,ecially in the case of insulating compounds. However, this discussion considered only the properties of the ground state, so it cannot inform as to the thermodynamic properties of magnetic materials. This will be the task of the present chapter. We begin by discussing the low energy excited states i