Titlebook: Handbook of Antimicrobial Resistance; Matthias Gotte,Albert Berghuis,Donald Sheppard Living reference work 20200th edition

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Microevolution of Antifungal Drug Resistance,ng invasive fungal infections. Fungal infections are on the rise with the increasing populations of individuals with impaired immune function who are most vulnerable to the opportunistic pathogens. Most antifungal drugs target the distinct composition of the fungal cell membrane (azoles and polyenes

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Protease Inhibitor Resistance,V infection, allowing for viral elimination in the majority of treated patients. The first two drugs to be approved for the treatment of HCV genotype 1 infection were the HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitors telaprevir and boceprevir. However, their administration in combination with pegylated interferon

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Quasispecies and Drug Resistance, features of RNA viral quasispecies such as internal interactions within mutant spectra and the effect of population size and bottleneck events as they affect the frequency of inhibitor-escape mutants. Genetic barriers to resistance and fitness cost of specific amino acid substitutions involved in r

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Strategies for Circumventing Bacterial Resistance Mechanisms,mised but is now found both in and out the boundaries of the hospital. Preserving the efficacy of the antibacterials we have, in order to secure the time needed to discover and develop new antibacterials, will require abrupt change: in the way antibacterials are dispensed and disposed, in the criter

Interferons

Substrate-Envelope-Guided Design of Drugs with a High Barrier to the Evolution of Resistance,he selective pressure of therapy. Antiviral drug targets especially have a high mutational plasticity due to the diverse genetic viral population. An ideal antiviral inhibitor should be robust against these quasispecies. Fortunately, a therapeutic target can be evolutionarily constrained by the biol

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The Ins and Outs of Azole Antifungal Drug Resistance: Molecular Mechanisms of Transport,e, currently a serious problem in antifungal therapy. Azole antifungal drugs, many of which are approved for clinical use, are relatively inexpensive, share similar chemical structures, and are effective against most fungal species. Azoles target a crucial enzyme in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathw