Titlebook: General Relativity and Cosmology; A First Encounter Ronald J. Adler Textbook 2021 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under ex

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Solutions for the Present Universe to as the LCDM universe. In the spatially flat case the Friedmann master equation may be solved for the two ingredients separately and also for both together; the combined solution is remarkably simple and useful in understanding properties of the universe.

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Textbook 2021 the focus of a great deal of current research. Thus it is important to introduce students to General Relativity as soon as reasonable. This textbook offers a brief but comprehensive treatment accessible to advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and any physicist or mathematician intere

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Renée K. Margolis,Richard U. Margolispter we begin our study of cosmology by applying general relativity to the entire universe, in which the source of gravity is taken to be a cosmic fluid. The gravitational field equations naturally allow for one component of the fluid to be the “dark energy” that has been found by observation to be the dominant component.