Titlebook: Environmental External Costs of Transport; Rainer Friedrich,Peter Bickel Book 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001 Atmospheric prot

形上升才刺激

forecast

Book 2001should be taken into account, when making decisions. A prerequisite for doing so is, that the impacts are known, quantitatively measured and allocated to the different activities in transport. Furthermore, they should be transformed into monetary units to be used as a basis for cost-benefit analyses

MIRTH

chandel

LAVA

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-88180-9ower plants; in addition there would be increased pollution from the manufacture of batteries and their eventual disposal. Electricity production, and manufacture and disposal of batteries, are processes that occur upstream or downstream of the main process, i.e. driving the car.

貨物

cavity

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-9595-9 the local scale area are less than 10% of the total, even in large urban areas (Lee and Watkiss, 1998). On the basis of these results, it was decided that the secondary particulate formation would not be quantified within the local scale area. However this issue should be addressed in more detail in subsequent work.

潛移默化

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7525-6 brief description draws variously on these reports, while highlighting those areas (e.g. with regard to chronic mortality) where implementation for the present study differs from that reported elsewhere.

Flat-Feet

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-05367-5e — a non-optimal allocation of resources leading to welfare losses may occur. Hence, external effects should be taken into account when making decisions. This makes it necessary to quantify and monetise the external effects

裙帶關(guān)系