Titlebook: Creating a Dialectical Social Science; Concepts, Methods, a Ian I. Mitroff,Richard O. Mason Book 1981 D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrec

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錯

Dialectic as Environment: A Brunswik Lens Model of Dialectical Inquiring Systems, to develop a Brunswik (1955) Lens Model foumulation (Hursch .., 1964). The Ackoff formulation is most appropriate for those situations in which we want to calculate the information behavior (e.g., content, transfer) of given or existent systems and for designing systems from an information-theoreti

傻瓜

textile

Dialectic as Process: A Methodology for Strategic Problem Solving,dox; the manager constantly faces problems for which there is a real need for the best available evidence to define the nature of the problem, let alone how best to solve it. At the same time, the manager is beset with extensive pressures to act both immediately and decisively (Mintzberg, .., 1976).

Nonflammable

Dialectic as Peer Review: The Case of the United States of America National Science Foundation,ctioning of the peer review system is an outstanding case in point. That this controversy strikes to the heart of science’s most sacred and cherished values — institutional and political autonomy vis-a-vis the external society — may account for the intensity of the debate (Gustafson, 1975; Shapley,

讓步

Dialectic as Normative Structure: Norms and Counter-Norms in a Select Group of the Apollo Moon Scie unsolved problems. This chapter addresses one of these problems. It attempts to show how the dialectic extends to the underlying normative structure of science. That is, the dialectic extends to the deepest operating layers of science.

讓步

absolve

G. Q. Wang,H. Q. Gu,X. J. Peng,R. X. Wanur discussion on the first chapter, it is important to appreciate that the problem discussed there is a perfectly general one. The general problem is: “Given that there . exist a number of . strategic policies or plans for the future development of an organization, what systematic principles, if any

impaction

Wei Guo,Lidong Zhai,Li Guo,Jinqiao Shi to develop a Brunswik (1955) Lens Model foumulation (Hursch .., 1964). The Ackoff formulation is most appropriate for those situations in which we want to calculate the information behavior (e.g., content, transfer) of given or existent systems and for designing systems from an information-theoreti

ANN