Titlebook: Avian Ecology and Conservation in an Urbanizing World; John M. Marzluff,Reed Bowman,Roarke Donnelly Book 2001 Springer Science+Business Me

休閑

A historical perspective on urban bird research: trends, terms, and approachesurban settings are especially rare. This is problematic because human populations are expected to rapidly grow and urbanize in such regions and biodiversity there is rich. Recognizing trade-offs among study duration, spatial extent, and mechanistic understanding, we suggest that researchers use shor

Ganglion

Worldwide urbanization and its effects on birdseas appear simpler than those reducing species. Increased availability of food was primary among factors benefiting species; predator reduction, reduced human persecution, and habitat enhancement were less important. Decreased habitat availability, reduced patch size, increased edge, increased non-n

fructose

Human perception and appreciation of birds: A motivation for wildlife conservation in urban environmabundance of some species, including Rock Doves (.) and Swifts (.) and lowest in the rural sector. Sociological analyses of surveys conducted in Rennes (200 questionnaires) showed that human perception of birds varied with the sector of respondents. Urban dwellers perceived the different bird specie

異端邪說2

Quantifying the urban gradient: Linking urban planning and ecologyof pattern metrics that link urban development to ecological conditions. Based on an analysis of land-use and land-cover patterns in the Seattle metropolitan area we propose a strategy to quantify urban patterns. We examine the behavior of various pattern metrics and propose a set of metrics useful

背叛者

Urbanization,avian communities,and landscape ecologyo gain a more complete understanding of the ways that human settlement affects bird communities. Urban-wildland gradients can be quantified using remotely-sensed imagery in combination with data on the intensity and pattern of settlement. However, metrics used to describe patterns of settlement are

車床

Pert敏捷

Interactions among non-native plants and birds the urbanizing landscape that influence avian community structure and the spread of non-native plants. Finally, we discuss how these characteristics should influence management decisions and future research directions.

Cognizance

Urban sprawl and juniper encroachment effects on abundance of wintering passerines in Oklahomaevels; three had positive linear trends with juniper levels, two exhibited unimodal trends, while four species were negatively related to juniper encroachment levels. Juniper is projected to invade one-half of the grassland remnants in the state by the next century, so the winter abundance of many f

躲債

Nest predator abundance and urbanization data suggest that quail eggs may not be an appropriate method for studying rates of predation on eggs or nestlings in urban settings, but may be helpful for assessing the abundance of American Crows and raccoons. More information is needed about how changes in the abundance of predators translates

致敬