Titlebook: Volcano-Tectonic Processes; Valerio Acocella Book 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 Volcano deformation.Magma plumbing system.Magma

Geyser

The Rise of Magma Through the Crust,After the fundamentals summarized in Chaps. . and ., this chapter introduces the second and main part of the book. This part, from this chapter to Chap. ., focuses on the general path followed by magma in passing through the crust, ideally consisting of its rise, shallow accumulation, shallow transfer and eruption.

單調(diào)性

多嘴多舌

pester

Unrest and Eruption Forecasting,ssible location for the opening of vents. The recent boost in the quantity and quality of monitoring data, based on key multi-parameter sets, significantly contributes to face this challenge towards enhanced understanding and more accurate and reliable eruptive forecast: the future for this exciting field looks definitely promising.

Calculus

RAFF

GRUEL

left-ventricle

Magma Emplacement and Accumulation: From Sills to Magma Chambers,magma. These are indeed primary and widespread processes at volcanoes, as most of the rising magma remains stalled in the crust, with only a fraction being erupted (approximately one tenth; e.g., Shaw .; White et al. .). Moreover, the accumulated magma may develop magma chambers, whose dynamics can

Genteel

Calderas,f magma chambers, including magma accumulation on the long- and short-term, and rapid magma withdrawal and eruption. The rapid withdrawal of magma may develop a caldera. Calderas often represent the surface expression of long-lived and large magmatic reservoirs, which may be responsible for the most

Impugn

Volcano Flank Instability and Collapse,ic processes related to the instability and collapse of the flanks of volcanic edifices. Flank instability and collapse is in fact, together with caldera formation (considered in the previous chapter), a first-order process affecting the shape of a volcanic edifice and, in turn, controlling shallow