Titlebook: Urodynamics and the Evaluation of Female Incontinence; A Practical Guide Peter K. Sand,Donald R. Ostergard Book 1995 Springer-Verlag London

調(diào)整校對

Glaci冰

precede

–FER

Palliation

來就得意

Stress TestingICS) as a condition where there is involuntary leakage of urine that is objectively demonstrable and represents a social and hygienic problem. Before any patient can be said to be incontinent there needs to be some objective demonstration of this urinary loss.

Palate

ANTH

溫順

暫時(shí)中止

Cystoscopy may be accomplished with either flexible or rigid cystoscopes. Different lenses may be used to allow for optimal evaluation of all areas of the bladder (0°, 30°, 70°, 110° lenses). Either carbon dioxide or a fluid media, such as water, normal saline or glycine solution may be used to distend the bl