Titlebook: Systematics and Evolution; Part B David J. McLaughlin,Joseph W. Spatafora Book 2015Latest edition Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2015 Arthoni

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3 Pezizomycotina: Sordariomycetes and Leotiomycetesibed. The close evolutionary relationship of the two classes was recently defined by molecular phylogenetic analyses and subcellular data. Typically, these fungi produce inoperculate, unitunicate asci in perithecial or apothecial ascomata. Sordariomycetes and Leotiomycetes represent a wide range of

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7 The Shifting Sands of Fungal Naming Under the ICN and the One Name Era for Fungiural type, i.e., a standard. This chapter is an updated supplement to the previous chapter on this topic in the first edition of this series. Formal changes to fungal nomenclature as implemented by the current International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code), or ICN,

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8 The Role of Herbaria and Culture Collections fungal biology and systematics. The second part presents an overview of herbarium best practices, including techniques for collecting, preparing, and properly preserving and annotating herbarium specimens. A special section is devoted to the use of herbarium specimens in molecular studies, discussi

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9 Subcellular Structure and Biochemical Characters in Fungal Phylogenyle for a wider range of fungal studies, we review the history of their study, especially since the mid-twentieth century. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies have revealed major gaps in the structural and biochemical data for Fungi as well as the incompleteness of studies within well-known taxonom

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10 Fungal Diversity in the Fossil Recordrpreting the complexity and functioning of terrestrial paleoecosystems. To a large degree this is because fungi were long thought to be too delicate to be sufficiently preserved, and those who might discover them demonstrated insufficient interest and did not possess the appropriate training. Some o

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11 Phylogenomics Enabling Genome-Based Mycologyionships and define populations. The postmolecular wave of innovation has included the complete sequencing of genomes, which has enabled an even deeper perspective on phylogeny, the history of genes within species, and the impact of ecology and lifestyle on the genomic composition. The standardizati