Titlebook: Surgical Atlas of Cardiac Anatomy; Xiaodong Zhu Book 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and People‘s Medical Publishing House

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Position and Observation of the Heart and Surgical Approaches, muscle, and between the two lungs (Figs. 2.1 and 2.2). Its function is to pump blood through the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions. The portion of interpleural space between the heart and the sternum is called the .. It contains no important structures and has only a lamellar sternum

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The Right Atrium,e wall can be seen directly (Fig. 3.2). The free wall is the common area for cannulation and surgical approaches into the heart. The vena cava orifices, aortic sinus, and LA are located around the RA (Fig. 3.3). The anterior wall of the RA is located very close to the right coronary cusp (Fig. 3.4).

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The Right Ventricle,terior descending artery (ADA) runs in the anterior interventricular sulcus and supplies blood for the anterior portion of the interventricular septum. The posterior descending artery (PDA) runs in the posterior interventricular sulcus to the apex of the heart and supplies blood for the posterior po

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The Coronary Artery,scending artery (LAD) and its main branches; (3) the left circumflex artery (LCx) and its main branches; (4) the right coronary artery (RCA); and (5) the posterior descending artery (PDA) (Figs. 5.1a, b). The coronary vein is parallel to the artery (Figs. 5.2a–c). It merges into the coronary sinus,

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The Conduction System of the Heart,initiate impulses and conduct them rapidly through the heart, initiate the normal cardiac cycle, and coordinate contractions of the cardiac chambers. The events that occur in the cardiac cycle must be coordinated if the heart is to pump efficiently and the systemic and pulmonary circulations are to

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General Considerations of Cardiac Embryology,o circulate through the primitive heart tube. The blood originates from the cephalic dorsal aorta and flows back to the heart tube through the common cardinal vein. The tube-like primitive heart tube will develop into the complete cardiovascular system step by step. Abnormity during the development

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Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage,e abnormally connected to the systemic venous or RA. If none of the four pulmonary veins drains into the LA, the condition is called .. When fewer than three pulmonary veins are connected to the LA, the condition is called .. Pulmonary venous drainage often occurs concurrently with ASD or other comp

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