Titlebook: Stress Echocardiography; Eugenio Picano Book 2023Latest edition The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license t

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Step P for Pulmonary Hemodynamics in Stress Echocardiographyuidelines on pulmonary hypertension because of uncertainty about cutoff values and their prognostic meaning, as well as questionable plausibility of flow-dependent parameters with suboptimal feasibility during stress. There is potential for improvement in stress echo feasibility with the combination

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ABCDE Protocol for Stress Echocardiography in Chronic Coronary Syndromesbilities of the patient above and beyond the critical coronary artery stenosis: (1) step A: regional wall motion by 2-dimensional echocardiography; (2) step B: B-lines by lung ultrasound (with the 4-site simplified scan of third intercostal space) assessing pulmonary congestion; (3) step C: left ven

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The ABCDE-FGLPR Protocol for Stress Echocardiography Beyond Coronary Artery Diseasers are often needed to address all clinical questions. Following the intuitive alphabetic order, useful parameters beyond ABCDE are mitral regurgitant flow (step F), dynamic left ventricular obstructive or transvalvular gradient (step G), left atrial volume changes (step L), filling pressures and pu

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Contrast Stress Echocardiographyfor stress echo is mainly focused on contrast enhancement of endocardial contour for analysis of regional wall motion abnormalities and left ventricular volumes, although a possible application is also in the enhancement of pulsed wave Doppler signal for left anterior descending flow detection in 5%

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Technology and Training Requirements in Stress Echocardiography be acquired in a few days and the acquisition of competence requires 100 studies with an expert supervisor. The inclusion of patients with resting images of borderline quality, or the use of stresses degrading image quality, will dilate variability, which is closely linked to the quality of the ima

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