Titlebook: Spiral Grain and Wave Phenomena in Wood Formation; John Maddern Harris Book 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1989 Silviculture.anato

放逐

Anatomy of Changing Grain Angles,rom bacteria and protozoa to pteridophytes and spermatophytes. In this respect he saw the development of spiral grain that had been described by Braun (1854) and Hartig (1895) as an example of the same natural trend.

好色

set598

Carminative

Measuring Grain Angle,na of interlocked and wavy grain. Sloping grain in sawn timber, commonly called cross grain (Anderson et al. 1945), can arise in many ways. Grain deviations around knots and other defects are an obvious source, as are all types of stem kinks including spiral bole and nodal or other stem swellings. I

Implicit

evaculate

Spiral Grain in Relation to the Environment,Theophrastus of Erosos (372–287 B.C.) as saying that spirally grained trees . were unsuitable for cutting. At different times wind, sun, soil, exposure, altitude, and many other features have been held responsible for “twisted” trees.

GRATE

Anatomy of Changing Grain Angles,lity is a fundamental tendency within the entire plant kingdom. Schmucker (1924), for example, reviewed right- and left-handed tendencies in plants, from bacteria and protozoa to pteridophytes and spermatophytes. In this respect he saw the development of spiral grain that had been described by Braun

墊子

nitric-oxide

Physiological Aspects of Changing Grain Angles, environments. Yet each species and each individual has its own specific developmental pattern, its own norm to which it tends to conform. Physiology is concerned with the means by which these complex processes are regulated, and no apology is necessary for referring only to “aspects” of physiology

badinage

Measuring Grain Angle,ly in the tangential plane relative to the stem axis. For practical purposes it may be of little consequence how grain deviations arise, but it is often important to be able to measure cross grain as the result of any or all of these sources (Boas 1933, Anderson et al. 1945, Koehler 1955).