Titlebook: Shallow Water Hydraulics; Oscar Castro-Orgaz,Willi H. Hager Book 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 Saint Venant Equations.Open Chan

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Limerick

cortisol

Fundamental Equations of Free Surface Flows,Open channel flow is the study of the movement of liquids with a free surface, which is by definition an interface in contact with the atmosphere.

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Energy and Momentum Principles,From Chap.?1, the cross-sectional averaged equations based on the three-dimensional (3D) conservation laws of mass and momentum are (Montes 1998; Jain 2001).

Alveoli

Computation of Steady Gradually-Varied Flows,Steady open channel flow is generally non-uniform. In gradually-varied flows, the changes of depth and velocity in space are small, so that streamline curvature effects can be neglected. If the channel bottom slope is small, then the hydrostatic vertical pressure distribution prevails.

homeostasis

Computation of Steady Transcritical Open Channel Flows,There are two possible transitional open channels flows, as described in Chap.?2: the transition from subcritical . to supercritical . flows, and the transition from supercritical . to subcritical . flows. Both of these flow types are fundamentally different.

PAGAN

interlude

The Riemann Problem,In fluid dynamics, the classical Riemann problem (Riemann .) is an initial-value problem for a set of homogeneous PDEs in which the initial data consist of two constant states forming a discontinuity (Toro ., .; LeVeque .; Guinot .) (Fig.?8.1). It is a generalization of the dam break problem (Stoker .) described in Chap. ..

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Sediment Transport and Movable Bed s,Transportation of sediment is an important and frequent phenomenon in rivers. Sediment is mobilized as bed-load with particles sliding, saltating, and rolling over the river bed, or as a suspended-load, where particles move with the turbulent water flow away from the bed.