Titlebook: Roots of Underdevelopment; A New Economic and P Felipe Valencia Caicedo Book 2023 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under ex

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,Political Conflict and?Economic Growth in?Post-independence Venezuela,planations for this trilogy point to the interaction of class conflict and resource dependence. We turn attention to intra-class conflict, arguing that the most destructive policy choices stemmed not from the rich defending themselves against the masses but rather from pitched battles among elites.

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,The Plantation Economy of?Suriname in the Eighteenth?Century,teenth?century. We discuss the early years of the colonies, plantation growth years in the second half of the eighteenth?century, and long-term consequences in the nineteenth?century of Suriname’s slave-based plantations. We describe a large set of plantations financed through two Amsterdam bankers’

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,The Legacy of the Pinochet Regime?in Chile,hapter provides an overview of the dictatorial legacies with an emphasis on the distribution of economic and political power, as viewed from the most recent literature in economics. We also describe the waves of discontent which have attempted to suppress the most important legacies during the past

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Missionaries and Soldiers in the Forging of Modern Paraguay,e. We revisit the literature on the effects of the religious order on human capital, stressing causal identification strategies, as well as on the conflict’s impact on socioeconomic outcomes and gender norms. In addition, we show novel evidence on the cultural mechanisms of missions and present a ne

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,The Lasting Development Impacts of?El Salvador’s 1980 Land Reform,across Latin America, little is known about the lasting development impacts of these land reforms and the cooperative systems they created. This chapter examines the case of El Salvador and its 1980 land reform. During this reform, properties owned by individuals with cumulative landholdings over 50

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Protestant Doctrinal Heterodoxy and Heterogeneity in Guatemala 1880s to 1950s,asis on baptism of the Holy Spirit and miraculous physical healing, comingled with the Wesleyan holiness movement. Soon, divisions arose between holiness and Pentecostal movements. Divisions also occurred within Pentecostalism giving rise to distinct types. Within this fluid religion market, with do

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The Expansion of Public Education in Puerto Rico after 1900, there were pronounced regional differences in the rates of increased schooling. Due to its varied crop suitability and detailed records from the US colonial government, Puerto Rico is an ideal setting to explore the role of agriculture in explaining regional variation in the growth of education. Th

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,Political Conflict and?Economic Growth in?Post-independence Venezuela,t the most destructive policy choices stemmed not from the rich defending themselves against the masses but rather from pitched battles among elites. Others posit that Venezuelan political institutions failed to sustain growth because they were insufficiently inclusive; we suggest in addition that they inadequately mediated intra-elite conflict.