Titlebook: Report on the State of the European Union; Is Europe Sustainabl Jacques Cacheux,Eloi Laurent Book 2015 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and Th

羽毛長成

Taxation in the EU: Fiercer Competition?contributions levied on wages were indeed equivalent to a devaluation of the domestic currency:. import prices are immediately affected by the higher VAT rates, while export prices are not; and domestic labor costs are cut, granting domestic producers a competitive advantage over foreign producers.

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Energy and Climate Policy on the Road to Paris 2015t if the convergence achieved among member states on climate policy is substantial, albeit partial and still insufficient to build a low-carbon economy, their divergence on energy policy is undermining the EU leadership on climate issues.

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The State of EU Economic Governance: Not Learning from Previous Mistakes?central bank conducting monetary policy according to a simple — and almost single — objective of price stability; and decentralized fiscal policies, in the hands of national governments of member states, with simple fiscal rules — the Stability and Growth Pact — and a minimal , rather informal, coor

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The European Budget: Seven Years of Stillness?President of the Commission and negotiate the content of the policy program to be implemented by the incoming Commission over the next five years. Since 2009, the Lisbon Treaty rules that the European Parliament has to vote, with a simple majority, to confirm the Council’s choice for the Commission.

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Inequality between Countries: An Ever More Heterogeneous Union?at laid the foundations of the European Monetary Union, made the objectives even more explicit: “strengthening” and “convergence” of the member states’ economies. In almost six decades, the European Community — now EU — has attracted most countries on the continent, enlarging membership from the six