Titlebook: Quarks and Leptons From Orbifolded Superstring; Kang-Sin Choi,Jihn E. Kim Book 20061st edition Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006 Lept

nocturnal

Quantization of Strings,lds introduced in Chap. 3 and applied to quantum field theory in Chap. 4. It will be exploited fully in string theory in the subsequent chapters. In this chapter, we introduce basics in string theory.

值得尊敬

Strings on Orbifolds,he E.×E′. heterotic string as the first choice. In a strongly coupled string, nonperturbative effects may produce defects and we have to consider branes also. Compactification of strongly coupled strings are briefly sketched in Appendix B.2.

適宜

Orbifold Phenomenology,f the intermediate step cannot contain . of E., it is most probable that exotically charged particles(exotics) would appear.. But this argument utilizes matter only from the untwisted sector. For twisted sector matter, SO(32) breaking can be useful as commented in Sect. 10.4.

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Other Constructions,tion and the interesting brane setup. Since obtaining three families is one of the most important objectives going beyond 4D, we discuss these other constructions up to the point of introducing the possibility for three families. We do not attempt to review the whole ideas and realistic model buildings.

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Introvert

Hiatus

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Some Algebraic Elements of Lie Groups,In this book, we mainly dealt with subgroups embedded in E. or Spin(32)/., which arise in heterotic string.