| 書目名稱 | Primer Handbook Utility Management | | 編輯 | Andreas Bausch (Professor of Business Administrati | | 視頻video | http://file.papertrans.cn/765/764491/764491.mp4 | | 圖書封面 |  | | 描述 | Traditionally, the supply of electricity and gas has been in the hands of vertically integrated monopolistic businesses, either state owned or under mixed private and state ownership. This began to change in the early 1980s, first in America and later in Europe. With the deregulation and liberalization of the European electricity and gas market this vertically integrated value chain broke down and separate market segments began to form, moving in the direction of greater competition. During the 1990s, many European countries began to restructure their electric power sectors with the aim of introducing competition, achieving greater performance, and thus providing long-term benefits to consumers. The restructuring process was finally triggered by the European Commission’s 1996 directive ‘Concerning Common Rules for the Internal Market in Electricity‘, the intention of which was the creation of a common European electricty market. In June 1998, the first natural gas directive was passed by the European Parliament and the Council. It created the foundation for a harmonized European gas market by defining ‘Common Rules for the Internal Market for Natural Gas‘. In order to push the memb | | 出版日期 | Book Dec 2008Latest edition | | 關(guān)鍵詞 | Energy Economics; Management; Strategic Management; Utility Industry; Utiltity Management | | 版次 | 1 | | doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89337-0 | | copyright | Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009 |
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