Titlebook: Operative Manual of Endoscopic Surgery; A. Cuschieri,G. Buess,J. Périssat Book 1992 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1992 Atmen.Cholezyst

crease

長(zhǎng)處

the technological aspects, the basic endoscopic surgical skills, and the operative techniques. Visualization of the operative field, exposure and execution of remote manipulations are dependent on op- timal function of the ancillary apparatus without which endoscopic surgery cannot be practised. Fam

無(wú)法破譯

subordinate

變形

Ancillary Technology: Electrocautery, Thermocoagulation and Laserperative ancillary technology. In addition to familiarization with the actual instruments, knowledge concerning the interaction of the applied technology with biological tissue is of decisive significance in ensuring a consistently favourable outcome after surgical intervention.

樹(shù)木心

帽子

Diagnostic Laparoscopy and Laparoscopic Adhesiolysisa laparotomy and reduces the cost of treatment for this reason and by obviating the need for expensive imaging tests. In the latter respect, it is of special practical benefit in underprivileged countries where high technological imaging facilities are not available. This chapter addresses three aspects of laparoscopy in surgical practice:

cancellous-bone

針葉樹(shù)

Training in Endoscopic Surgerye advantages of these techniques has caught the imagination of the public and surgeons alike in a short space of time. Most surgeons now acknowledge the benefits and are under pressure from their patients to apply these techniques in their own hospitals as quickly as possible.

輕率看法

Thoracoscopic Oesophageal Myotomy for Motility Disordersardiac chest pain. In addition, they predispose to the development of aspiration pneumonitis, especially in patients with intractable symptoms. This chapter deals with the thoracoscopic surgical treatment of motility disorders affecting the body and lower sphincter of the oesophagus.