Titlebook: Micropropagation of Woody Plants; M. R. Ahuja Book 1993 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1993 Embryo.Woody plant.biotechnology.fo

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Haploid embryogenesis in treess. Because haploid plants do not exhibit phenomena such as dominance and segregation they reveal cryptic and recessive genetic variation. Such plants are useful for producing homozygous diploid (dihaploid) lines for controlled hybridization. Traditionally, homozygosity for certain traits was produce

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Maturation and rejuvenation in woody specieslowering does not occur and cannot be induced by the normal flower-initiating treatment or conditions. In time, however, the ability to flower is achieved and maintained under natural conditions; at this stage, the tree is usually considered to have attained the adult or mature condition. The length

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Synthetic seeds in forest treesn during storage, handling and mechanical planting. The artificial seed may contain nutrients to provide the energy required for germination which is normally supplied by endosperm or female gametophyte tissue. In this case either a mechanical barrier or antimicrobial compounds are needed in the see

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Genetics of micropropagated woody plantses, germplasm collection and utilization, mutagens, and sports. With the advent of tissue culture protocols, variation has been ubiquitious. The variability associated with tissue culture has provided a pool of variation upon which selection pressure has been imposed to isolate unique forms of clone

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Acclimatization strategies for micropropagated plantslity of the enterprise [6]. When shoots or plantlets are transplanted from culture to greenhouse conditions they may desiccate or wilt rapidly and can die as a result of the change in environment, unless substantial precautions are taken to accomodate them. In commercial micropropagation this step i

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Regeneration and germplasm preservation in aspen-,e flowers are borne on separate trees. The somatic cells of poplars and aspens carry 2.=38 chromosomes, although triploids (2.=57) and tetraploids (2.=76) have been reported in certain species of the genus .[35]. In a recent study, the chromosomes of . have been characterized by employing C-banding

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Clonal propagation in non-aspen poplar hybridse of establishment through stem or root cuttings, and relative ease of coppice regeneration [19]. Trees of this genus also represent wide genetic diversity, exhibit a wide range of site requirements, and respond well to cultural inputs [52]. Many new, high-quality, rapidly-growing poplar clones have

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Micropropagation of birchrthern Hemisphere, but they are limited to the temperate and arctic zones. According to Regel [32], two groups can be distinguished; .. The latter group consist of a few species mainly found in Japan and in the SW and the middle of China. The . group is divided in to three sub-groups, . (yellow birc