Titlebook: Metabolism of Human Diseases; Organ Physiology and Eckhard Lammert,Martin Zeeb Textbook 2014 Springer-Verlag Wien 2014 biochemical metaboli

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Down Syndromerths. Most DS cases are caused by full triplication of chromosome 21, and a small number of cases arise from mosaicism or chromosomal translocations, resulting in multiple medical and physical manifestations. Common characteristics of individuals with DS include skeletal anomalies, craniofacial alte

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Overview of our total sensory information. The optical apparatus projects an image of our environment onto the back of the eye covered by the retina. The retina is a neuronal tissue originating from the brain during embryonic development and is, thus, a true part of the central nervous system. The retina is

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Age-Related Macular Degeneration on a meta-analysis, the prevalence of early-stage AMD is estimated to be 6.8 % and for the late stages 1.5 % [2]. Prevalence, incidence, and progression of all forms of AMD rise with increasing age. Thirty percent of all probands aged ≥75 years were found to have early AMD and 7.1 % suffered from l

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Dental Cariester covering, dental enamel and subsequently the sub-adjacent dentine are attacked and eventually destroyed by bacterially produced acid. If untreated this often results in infection of the alveolar bone of the jaw leading in turn to systemic infection including endocarditis. If the tooth is lost, s

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Osteoporosis fragility and susceptibility to fracture. An operational definition of osteoporosis has also been defined, based on a value for bone mineral density (BMD) 2.5 standard deviations or more below the young adult mean [1]. The most widely validated technique for the quantitative assessment of BMD is du

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also describes commonly used drugs and explains their molecular targets. It provides the first comprehensive and detailed summary of the metabolism of individual organs and their physiological and pathological978-3-7091-0714-0978-3-7091-0715-7

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Schizophreniacupational performance. These features – coupled with the consequences of sustained impairment – result in comorbid depression (see chapter “.”) among people with schizophrenia. Approximately 50 % of patients attempt and about 4 % of patients commit suicide. Schizophrenia is poorly understood by the

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Migraine and Cluster Headacheer symptoms, such as phonophobia, photophobia, nausea, and vomiting. Premonitory symptoms occur in 20–60 % of patients with migraines, hours to days before headache onset. They can include depression, fatigue, irritability, sensory sensitivity, anorexia/hunger, diarrhea/constipation, sensations of h