Titlebook: Medical Imaging Technology; Mark A Haidekker Book 2013 The Author(s) 2013 Image Formation.Introduction to CT Scan.Introduction to MRI.Intr

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X-Ray Projection Imaging,ay imaging is a projection technique, and image formation takes place traditionally on photosensitive film, although direct digital X-ray imaging is becoming more and more common. In its most common form, X-ray imaging is a qualitative modality. X-rays are high-energy photons, and atomic interaction

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Computed Tomography,ojection X-ray imaging (Chap.?.), CT allows the reconstruction of a two- or three-dimensional absorber map. CT vastly exceeds projection X-ray imaging in soft tissue contrast, but the spatial resolution of a clinical whole-body CT scanner is significantly lower than that of plain X-ray imaging. None

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Nuclear Imaging,e injected into the body as radiation sources. These radioactive compounds are typically linked to pharmacologically active substances (“radiopharmaceuticals”) that accumulate at specific sites in the body, for example, in a tumor. With either projection techniques or volumetric computerized image r

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Ultrasound Imaging,of sound, being refracted and partially reflected at interfaces. Ultrasound contrast is therefore related to echogenic inhomogeneities in tissue. The depth of an echogenic object can be determined by the travel time of the echo. By emitting focused sound waves in different directions, two-dimensiona

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Trends in Medical Imaging Technology,s adoption to routine clinical practice, many years of development and testing are needed. Recently, the focus of medical imaging research shifted toward detail optimization and the development of new disease-specific protocols, although several striking new developments need to be highlighted. For

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Convergence of t-normsh respect to the parameter, i.e., that we have pointwise convergence of the t-norms if the corresponding parameters converge (some of these statements are trivial, some of them follow directly from [Dombi 1982, 1986]).

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