Titlebook: Mayoral Collaboration under Nazi Occupation in Belgium, the Netherlands and France, 1938-46; Nico Wouters Book 2016 The Editor(s) (if appl

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978-3-319-81381-3The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016

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Chapter 2 Adaptation (1940),rds during the summer of 1940. The essential question was the exact hierarchy between occupational rule and national legality; or simply the agreement on division of powers and tasks. The answer remained ambiguous in each of the three countries, creating a permanent struggle for control over local governments.

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Chapter 6 Systems of Repression,systems. The presence of collaborationist parties and their fight against local civil society complexified the picture. The persecution of the Jews is one (essential) topic to assess this. Despite fundamental systemic differences, the individual choices of mayors and other key actors always remained central.

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Book 2016ion, mayors of villages and cities were forced into strategic cooperation with the occupier. Mayors had to provide good governance, mediate between occupier and populations, maintain personal legitimacy, and build local consensus. However, as national systems underwent authoritarian reform and colla

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