Titlebook: Mathematical Models for Evacuation Planning in Urban Areas; Sarah Bretschneider Book 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 evacuatio

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Introduction,uires decisions to protect health and lives of the affected population. A measure to protect the population may be the evacuation of the affected area. Congested urban areas have usually complex street networks that are composed of many intersections with streets which connect them. There are variou

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An Urban Evacuation Problem,t every evacuee has the possibility to self-evacuate, i.e. all evacuees can leave the evacuation zone by vehicle. Hence a single commodity dynamic network flow model is considered. In order to capture the progress of an evacuation, discrete dynamic network flow models are used that force the evacuee

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A Two-Staged Heuristic Approach,ristic approach is split into two steps: First a reduced evacuation model that disregards the detailed description of the intersections is solved. In the second step the detailed modeling of all intersections is included, but results of the first step are used such that only a subset of the feasible

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A Multicommodity Urban Evacuation Problem, integer variables. It incorporates the commodities vehicles of evacuees and buses. The two-staged heuristic approach solving the pattern-based formulation of the urban evacuation problem turns out to generate feasible solutions faster than the relaxation-based heuristic approach that solves the mix

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Conclusions and Future Research,s and the traffic routing. The dynamic network flow models are extended with complicating constraints and integer variables and the flow is restricted depending on the assigned of number of lanes. Hence, the capacities of the network are not known in advance, but depend on the number of lanes that d