Titlebook: Marine Toxins as Research Tools; Nobuhiro Fusetani (Faculty of Fisheries Sciences), Book 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009 Gluta

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The prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in pregnancy are complex clinical challenges and demand a balanced attention to maternal and fetal well-being, often without the support of validated management guidelines. Fortunately, the fund of research on thrombosis risk a

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Marine Toxins: An Overview, soft-bodied, relatively immobile and lack obvious physical defenses. These animals frequently have evolved chemical defenses against predators and overgrowth by fouling organisms. Marine animals may accumulate and use a variety of toxins from prey organisms and from symbiotic microorganisms for the

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Conotoxins: Molecular and Therapeutic Targets,Many of these peptides selectively modulate ion channels and transporters, making them a valuable source of new ligands for studying the role these targets play in normal and disease physiology. A number of conopeptides reduce pain in animal models, and several are now in pre-clinical and clinical d

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Sea Anemone Toxins Affecting Potassium Channels,ility that are now better understood thanks to the discovery of animal toxins. During the past few decades, sea anemones have provided a variety of toxins acting on voltage-sensitive sodium and, more recently, potassium channels. Currently there are three major structural groups of sea anemone K. ch

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Marine Toxins Potently Affecting Neurotransmitter Release,y, but also most of our organs are intimately controlled by synaptic activity. Synapses re therefore an ideal target to act upon and poisonous species have evolved fascinating neurotoxins capable of shutting down neuronal communication by blocking or activating essential components of the synapse. B

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Toxins Affecting Actin Filaments and Microtubules,ng and flexible polymers, actin filaments and microtubules, respectively. These proteins play important roles in a variety of cellular functions and are also involved in numbers of diseases. An emerging number of marine-derived cytotoxins have been found to bind either actin or tublin, resulting in

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Carcinogenic Aspects of Protein Phosphatase 1 and 2A Inhibitors,d phosphorylation of proteins in cells. The mechanism of tumor promotion with oka-daic acid is thus completely different from that of the classic tumor promoter phorbol ester. Other potent inhibitors of PP1 and PP2A – such as dinophysistoxin-1, calyculins A–H, microcystin-LR and its derivatives, and