Titlebook: Marine Ecological Processes; Ivan Valiela Textbook 19841st edition Springer Science+Business Media New York 1984 biology.decomposition.eco

紅潤(rùn)

Producers and Processes Involved in Primary Productionf producer species with widely different phyletic origins (Taylor 1978), including single-celled phytoplankton and bottom-dwelling benthic algae, large many-celled macroalgae or seaweeds, symbiotic producers such as corals, and higher plants such as seagrasses.

沒有貧窮

無孔

Extricate

folliculitis

Feeding and Responses to Food Abundancel feeding mechanisms (Pandian, 1975). Heterotrophs may use organic matter dissolved in water or on larger particles. Dissolved food may be taken up through the body or cell surface, as occurs in microorganisms, many invertebrate parasites, and pogonophorans. Other consumers take up fluids through th

badinage

Food Selection by Consumersnsidered. Moreover, even though there may be sufficient abundance of food items of adequate quality, they may not be easily vulnerable to predators. In this chapter we take up the quality and availability of food particles. First, we need to consider the cues used by consumers in finding and selecti

敏捷

忘恩負(fù)義的人

The Consequences of Competition Among Producers and Consumption by Herbivoresls and concepts that predict the effects that consumers might have on their food species, especially producer species. Then we discuss some specific case histories that permit an assessment of the impact of grazing on marine producers.

DAMN

Insatiable

Nutrient Cycles: Phosphorus, Nitrogen, and Sulfurobial decomposers, and in a number of other roles. It is clear, then, that nutrients are inextricably linked to almost all other ecological processes. In this chapter we look at the transformations, exchanges, and general dynamics of three nutrients: phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur. The dynamics of