Titlebook: Isotope Effects; in the Chemical, Geo Max Wolfsberg,W. Alexander Hook,Luís Paulo N. Rebe Book 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 200

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Isotope Effects on Equilibrium Constants of Chemical Reactions; Transition State Theory of Isotope The statistical thermodynamic theory of isotope effects on chemical equilibrium constants is developed in detail. The extension of the method to treat kinetic isotope effects using the transition state model is briefly described.

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Kinetic Isotope Effects Continued: Variational Transition State Theory and Tunneling,Some of the successes and several of the inadequacies of transition state theory (TST) as applied to kinetic isotope effects are briefly discussed. Corrections for quantum mechanical tunneling are introduced. The bulk of the chapter, however, deals with the more sophisticated approach known as variational transition state theory (VTST).

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Isotope Effects in Nature: Geochemical and Environmental Studies,The application of isotope effect studies to problems in geochemistry and geology, meteorology, environmental studies, archeology and paleobotany, food authentication, medical diagnostics and various other practical areas is described using numerous examples.

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Reduced Equations of State: Critical Property Isotope Effects,In corresponding states (CS) theory the PVT properties of fluids are expressed in terms of the critical constants and one or more additional parameters. In this chapter the use of CS theory to correlate isotope effects on the physical properties of fluids is explored.

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,Isotope Effects in Unimolecular Processes: “Mass Independent” Isotope Fractionation and the Ozone PThe theoretical framework needed for interpretation of kinetic isotope effects on unimolecular reactions is reviewed. Application to the satisfactory rationalization of the theoretically puzzling ”mass independent isotope effect” observed for oxygen isotope fractionation in extraterrestrial samples is described.

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