Titlebook: Intertidal Ecology; David Raffaelli,Stephen Hawkins Book 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers 1999 Symbiose.behavior.biological.distribution.dy

MAOIS

漂浮

The shore environment: major gradients, so different that they have to be investigated using quite different techniques — thereby encouraging researchers to become specialist rocky shore or sandy beach or mudflat ecologists. Yet these habitats have common environmental and ecological features that enable us to group them together as ‘the

Facet-Joints

Patterns of distribution,intertidal ecology. One of the reasons why the intertidal area is such a valuable teaching aid is that the distribution patterns of the major groups of organisms change rapidly on the sharp gradients between sea and land and these are clearly modified by wave action. Moreover, these patterns can be

Congeal

Causes of zonation, species has an upper and lower distributional limit along the vertical intertidal gradient, and the factors which set those limits have long attracted the attention of shore ecologists, particularly for plants and sessile animals. In this chapter we review the various ideas put forward to explain z

Freeze

Vulnerary

Coping with the physical and biological environment,early able to cope with the physical problems of living in an environment characterized by sharp environmental gradients and fluctuating conditions. As well as the essentially physical problems, there are a host of biological pressures facing intertidal organisms, particularly towards lower shore le

FIR

外貌

信條

Studying shores,lly well-described and easily identifiable species. Although plant life is restricted to algae and a few higher plants, examples of most of the major animal groups can be found on the shore. There are good identification guides or keys to most groups. Access to the shore is usually easy and, in many

Alpha-Cells

und Autokovarianz- bzw. Autokorrelationsstruktur eine wesentliche Rolle. Erg?nzend zu den grundlegenden Modellen werden aber auch schon zu Beginn eine Reihe von Beispielen diskutiert. Mit Hilfe des Spektralsatzes und der Filterung station?rer Zeitreihen kann die wichtige Klasse der ARMA-Modelle seh