Titlebook: Instrumental Methods and Scoring in Extrapyramidal Disorders; Horst Przuntek,Peter H. Kraus,Amos D. Korczyn Conference proceedings 1995 Sp

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,The Hoehn and Yahr Rating Scale for Parkinson’s Disease,icit have been published [1–3]. In addition, the utilization of levodopa or dopamine agonists produces a large array of side effects which superimpose upon the motor fluctuations frequently seen in these patients, complicating even more the precise evaluation of disability. Since the introduction of

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,A Rational Basis for a New Scoring System Measuring Disability in Parkinson’s Disease,r et al. [6], Duvoisin [9], Gerstenbrand et al. [12], Hoehn et al. [15], Markham et al. [22], Schwab et al. [26], Webster [32], Yahr et al. [33]) have been introduced and are used just like the numerous apparative tests (AT; [7,8,13,17,19,20,23–25,30]). Each of them has its specific advantages, disa

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,Depression Inventories in Parkinson’s Disease,pression has been reported to occur in 32%-51% of patients with PD [1,2]. Recognition of affective changes is important, since it has therapeutic implications. The assessment of depression is based upon clinical impression, while its quantitative evaluation is expressed as scores obtained on “depres

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Instrumental Assessment of Rigidity,. As early as 1937, Schaltenbrand [10] rightly pointed out that classifying the resistance to passive motion of patient’s limbs by hand is a subjective method and that therefore an objective method of measuring tone is necessary.

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Tremor Assessment in Clinical Trials, have appreciated that “open”studies may produce misleading results and consequently have utilised randomised double-blind protocols for definitive studies, in order to minimise bias. In practice, these trials have relied heavily on accelerometry as the objective method of measurement and clinical r

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,Kinematics of Standing Posture Associated with Aging and Parkinson’s Disease,e elderly [9, 10, 21], and a survey of 100 patients with Parkinson’s disease showed that 38% had a history of falling, and 13% fell more than once a week [12]. Falling was associated with “postural instability” and was not much influenced by dopaminergic therapy. Falling was also associated with inc