Titlebook: Health and Welfare of Captive Reptiles; Clifford Warwick (Director of the Institute of Her Book 1995 Springer Science+Business Media Dordr

殘忍

讓空氣進入

Introduction: Health and welfare of captive reptiles,nd animal well-being have been accompanied by revelations emphasizing the intricacies of reptilian biology and, further, the needs of the individual. In effect, the more that is learnt about reptiles, the more apparent become the potential deficiencies associated with their lives in captivity. Impro

認為

無表情

Biology of stress: interactions with reproduction, immunology and intermediary metabolism,one is to appreciate the complex physiological mechanisms maintaining homeostasis in vertebrates. Moreover, a comprehensive understanding of the biology of stress is essential if we are to reduce stress in the care of any vertebrate species, including those that are not domesticated and traditional

forbid

Nutritional considerations,ion must be regarded as a continuum, beginning with selection, apprehension or gathering of food sources, initial processing, digestion, assimilation of nutritive constituents and, finally, elimination of non-nutritive fibre, waste products, mucus and senescent epithelial cells lining the alimentary

Functional

Veterinary perspectives and techniques in husbandry and research,981; Cooper and Jackson, 1981; Beynon, Lawton and Cooper, 1991; Frye, 1991) and it would be inappropriate to duplicate such work here. Likewise, many veterinary perspectives and research techniques have been presented in individual papers and generally each is appropriate only to a narrow area of a

駭人

Naturalistic versus clinical environments in husbandry and research, education and veterinary and human medicine. Many publications exist that discuss the general maintenance of captive reptiles in formal and informal zoological collections, and private ‘pet’ situations; perhaps, though, only a relatively small percentage of this information could be described as hi

airborne

CRATE

亂砍