Titlebook: Handbook of Spinal Cord Medicine; David C. Burke,D. Duncan Murray Textbook 1975Latest edition Macmillan Publishers Limited 1975 medicine.o

背景

Spinal Cord Injuries,Neural injury occurs in approximately 20% of patients who sustain injuries of the spinal column. There are varying types of spinal cord injuries, but nearly all are severe. Destruction of a small portion of the cord produces profound motor and sensory changes below the level of the lesion.

Mere僅僅

Aetiology of Non-Traumatic Spinal Paralysis,Spina bifida with meningocoele, meningomyelcoele; scoliosis; spondylolisthesis; chordoma; Friedreich’s ataxia and other familial paralysis; and spinal cord agenesis.

小鹿

易怒

The Neurogenic Bladder,Prior to World War II, most spinal patients died within a few years of their injury, and usually from a renal cause. Since that time, due to the improved care of the urinary tract, spinal patients live almost normal life spans, and less than half die from renal pathology.

engagement

The Neurogenic Bowel,Incontinence of faecal matter through the anus is prevented by tonic contraction of the internal anal sphincter (smooth muscle) and the external anal sphincter (striated voluntary muscle).

rods366

cultivated

Sexual Function in the Spinal Cord Patient,Sexual function in the male is a complex interaction of spinal cord reflex function, supra-spinal influences as well as hormonal and psychological factors.

無動于衷

招致

Ascending Myelopathy,Traumatic spinal cord paralysis is usually a stable condition, that is to say in its chronic state it does not progress.

六邊形

Chronic Pain,In the acute spinal patient, pain at the site of injury to the spine is present for only a few days. This pain is caused by torn ligaments and fractured bones, the most severe pain being due to local muscle spasm in this region.