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Disorders of Male External Genitalia: Hypospadias, Epispadias, Concealed Penis, Urethral Disorders,re more specialist interventions and are taken care of by specialist centers and some in a multidisciplinary setting. Anomalies discussed are hypospadias, epispadias, concealed penis and benign urethral lesions including duplications. Some rare anomalies may escape the detailed examination of a gene

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External Genitourinary Concerns in Females,ense of imaging studies. Diagnosis is based upon the age and presenting symptoms or historical elements, relationship of the mass to surrounding anatomical landmarks, and tissue color and characteristics.

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Constipation,s. Constipation is very relevant to pediatric urology patients as it is seen frequently in patients presenting with urinary tract infections and/or voiding dysfunction. . is the combination of bowel and bladder dysfunction that was initially described in patients with recurrent urinary tract infecti

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Neck Swellings: Midline Neck Swellings,uated laterally. While it is uncommon for neck masses to represent sinister pathology, it is important that these lesions are accurately diagnosed and treated by those with appropriate expertise, as the treatment of those children receiving initial inappropriate treatment can be very challenging. Th

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Neck Swelling/Lumps: Torticollis,pposite side of the tilt. This can be congenital or acquired and can be seen from infancy throughout adolescence. Depending on the age at presentation, the differential diagnosis varies. The incidence of congenital torticollis ranges from 0.3% to 2% of new-borns and it may occur slightly more freque

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