Titlebook: ;

Aboveboard

City Plan as Ideology: Reading the Configuration of Beijing in Ming-Qing China,ut, Beijing is the symbolic embodiment of Confucian ideas of a sacred emperor residing at the center of the universe, coordinating the ways of “heaven” with that of humans on earth. Beijing clearly inherited a classical grid model formulated in the Han dynasty, which prescribed a grand, centric, Con

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Military Considerations and Colonial Town Planning: France and New France in the Seventeenth Centursion during the seventeenth century. Endowed with both political and agricultural functions by making agricultural expansion possible through the political process of colonization, the author considers the classical roots of this urban model during the European Renaissance and then examines its use

Thyroxine

Indigenous Architecture and the Spanish American Plaza in Mesoamerica and the Caribbean,the direction of the Spanish have been interpreted as architectural representations of colonial control and oppression. Underlying these interpretations is the tacit assumption that plaza-centered gridded urban design was of solely European derivation, in spite of considerable evidence of pre-Columb

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,Beneath the City?s Grid: Vernacular and (Post)colonial Planning Interactions in Dakar, Senegal,s of the grid plan as a tool of European colonial rule in Africa. The authors maintain that while the search for a unitary “origin” of the grid is historically refutable, questions about the grid’s origins are still sensitive in African Studies. By providing qualitative insights into the grid-. rela

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American Cities: The Grid Plan and the Protestant Ethic,g between a critique of religious philosophy and the psychology of the urban form as a social construct, the chapter exemplifies the entanglement of cultural values with the spatial order. The author argues that this entanglement and its particular realization in the very form of U.S. cities has had

GUILT

PANEL

Gridded Lives: Why Kazakhstan and Montana are Nearly the Same Place,), this chapter draws significant parallels between the use of the grid in these contrasting political contexts. Using a comparative approach, the author addresses the following questions: Is it possible to write the history of gridded spaces? If so, do the gridded spaces of Kazakhstan and Montana c

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Allowance

Can Wave Packets Be Particles?,al aim is to situate the current edited collection within broader discussions of the grid in urban history from antiquity to the present. In doing so, the chapter explores the political and economic rationalities that have informed the diverse uses of the grid as a mode of urban spatial ordering as

大量殺死

The Strategic Context: The Mother of Paradox examines a variety of arguments in favor and opposed to the use of the grid as an urban plan. The chapter then proceeds to trace a genealogy of the grid’s origin in the ancient Indus Valley settlement of Mohenjo-Daro as part of the author’s effort to support the claim that the grid plan was a one-t