Titlebook: Global Change and Arctic Terrestrial Ecosystems; Walter C. Oechel,Terry V. Callaghan,Bjartmar Svein Book 1997 Springer-Verlag New York, In

Ischemia

Pawel Terlecki,Krzysztof Walczakfew studies have addressed long-term responses such as biome redistribution (e.g., Emanuel et al., 1985a, 1985b; Prentice, 1993). Studies on an intermediate, population-orientated, level are largely lacking. Yet it is on this level that the physiological responses to the environment are integrated i

過渡時期

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60053-1995). Climate change and associated alteration of the growing season could therefore have a strong impact on the performance of arctic and alpine plants (Bazzaz, 1990; Galen and Stanton, 1995). Recent autecological studies (e.g., Eriksen et al., 1993; Molau, 1993b; Stenstr?m and Molau, 1992) have sh

啞劇

In einem Netz von Linien, die sich verknotendynamic experimental studies or observations with mathematical modeling. The model describes postulated mechanisms of studied reactions, so comparisons of observations and predictions allow for discarding wrong assumptions. Experimentally tested models are analyzed by mathematical methods for better

儲備

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-00875-1he higher trophic levels. For top herbivores such as reindeer and caribou ., we have to consider the effects of climate change on lower trophic levels (forage), as well as the more direct effects on the animals themselves.

jarring

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55528-5matic or other environmental changes in the Arctic, because they are also subject to what happens elsewhere. This chapter is restricted to the likely effects of possible changes to bird populations either in the Arctic or in subarctic and north-temperate sites where Arctic-breeding migrants stop on

Leisureliness

headway

暫停,間歇

Aliyu Adebayo Sulaimon,Mohamad Hazwan Yusofftion, and frontal circulation patterns (Barry, 1967; Bryson, 1966; Hare and Ritchie, 1972; Hustich, 1966; Larsen, 1989). Recent modeling experiments indicate that the circumpolar tree line could be shifted north tens to hundreds of kilometers if anticipated magnitudes of global warming due to increa

記成螞蟻

Sleep-Paralysis