Titlebook: Exploring the Vertebrate Central Cholinergic Nervous System; Alexander G. Karczmar (Professor and Chair Emeritu Book 2007 Springer-Verlag

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GPR Methods for Hydrogeological Studies detailed picture of the system. The scope of this chapter is very wide, and this wide range illustrates well the diversity and the richness of the cholinergic function generally and of the central cholinergic activities specifically.

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Introduction:History and Scope of This Book,en shamans, hunters, medicine men and mystics collected plants, fungi and animal materials endowed with cholinergic ingredients in order to cure mental disease, provide food to the tribe, and identify the culprits. From these exotic beginnings there arose the research on the central cholinergic syst

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Cholinergic Cells and Pathways,associate William (now Sir William) Feldberg, and his coworkers, including Martha Vogt and Catherine Hebb, and Josiah Burn and Edith Bulbring provided additional evidence for Dale’s hypothesis; this evidence included the demonstration of the central nervous system (CNS) presence of acetylcholine (AC

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Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors in the Central Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Pharmacoeceptor (GPCR) superfamily. There are 5 subtypes of mAChRs, and these mediate the majority of the actions of ACh in both the central nervous system (CNS) and the periphery. For example, peripheral mAChR activation results in a reduction in heart rate and vasodilatation of vascular beds, increases in

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Neuronal Nicotinic Receptors: History, Structure, and Functional Roles,t (.; see Chapter 4 A). John Langley developed the concept of transmitter receptors through studies of neuromuscular transmission in 1905 to 1907. Otto Loewi demonstrated chemical transmission on heart muscle in 1921, and Dale and coworkers identifi ed this transmitter as acetylcholine in 1936.

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Anticholinesterases and War Gases,ployed as active ingredients in botanical and animal materials for primitive and folk medicine, witchcraft, and ethnotoxicology and used as hunting devices. They were derived from certain Chinese mosses such as ., from the Calabar bean (the runner bean), which contains ., and from the snowdrop and r