Titlebook: Evolutionary Biology from Concept to Application; Pierre Pontarotti Book 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2008 Adaptation.Evolution.

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低能兒

A Phylogenetic Mixture Model for Heterotachyrefers to the phenomenon of a site in a gene-sequence or other alignment changing its rate of evolution throughout the tree. The method accounts for heterotachy by summing the likelihood of the data at each site over more than one set of branch lengths on the same tree. A branch length set that is b

MANIA

Accelerated Evolution of Genes of Recent Origines related to gene age is the fact that younger genes tend to show accelerated evolutionary rates with respect to older genes. Here, we use a large number of closely related mammalian genomes to gain further insights into the relationship between gene age and evolutionary rate. We define a group of

hypnogram

antenna

General Evolutionary Regularities of Organic and Social Lifee Russian evolutionary school, elaborating the evolutionary ideas mostly on multicellular organisms. Protista (mainly Infusoria) in these investigations were only slightly touched upon. The present study represents the results of a comparative morphological analysis of the vast protistan group Foram

彎曲道理

Old and New Concepts in EvoDevology (EvoDevo). The latter discipline often ascribes homology, or the diversity of forms arising from the same module or combination of modules, to gene mutations or changes of gene regulation. This gene-centred atomistic view does not yield reliable criteria for homology, nor can it account convinc

彎曲道理

Overturning the Prejudices about Hydra and Metazoan Evolutiontions and their theoretical interpretation provided common knowledge about .: (1) diffusion plays a major role in the formation of a positional information gradient; (2) diffusion plays a dominant role in circulatory and digestive processes in .; (3) the diffuse nerve net is a remnant of the ancient

SEED

The Search for the Origin of Cnidarian Nematocysts in Dinoflagellatese, defense and movement. Questions have been raised regarding the evolution of nematocysts since nematocyst-like structures can be found in some protists. In particular, the nematocyst of . or . structurally resembles the stenotele of . at the electron microscope level. Both structures not only shar

狗窩

A Possible Relationship Between the Phylogenetic Branch Lengths and the Chaetognath rRNA Paralog Gensitu hybridizations of the chaetognath . have shown that 18S class I genes are expressed in the whole body, corresponding to housekeeping genes, whereas 18S and 28S class II genes are expressed in oocytes specifically. Moreover, a heterologous probe against 28S genes revealed only a single signal in

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Mode and Tempo of ,: Gene Evolution and Phylogenetic Implications protein product of the gene is proposed to function as a group II intron maturase. Evolutionary, molecular, and bioinformatic evidence supports this proposed function. The open reading frame of this protein-coding gene, however, has a high proportion of substitutions at the nucleotide and amino aci