Titlebook: Estimating, Tendering and Bidding for Construction Work; Adrian J. Smith Textbook 1995Latest edition Macmillan Publishers Limited 1995 com

蔓藤圖飾

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02171-8ulation of the anticipated cost to the contractor of completing the work, and second, the setting of a price which the contractor will then quote to the client, usually in competition with others. The process of converting the contractor’s estimate into a tender bid is called .. Adjudication is a ma

間接

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3949-6s the risks of the construction market-place, the decisions the contractor must take when tendering in competition, and the techniques available to contractors in the assessment of their mark-up in formulating their bid price.

enormous

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8923-9o stem from the early 19th century, and basically arose out of dissatisfaction with the existing systems of measure and value, where tradesmen were paid directly by the client for work as it proceeded. Powell, quoting Elsam (1826), writes that:

FILTH

窒息

招募

fiscal

抱怨

Cross-Language Information Retrievaland greater degree of specialisation. It is therefore highly unlikely that any one main contractor will have either the necessary skills or the necessary resources to do all of the work on a project itself, and it is common for sections of the work to be sublet to other specialists.

Instantaneous

直覺(jué)沒(méi)有

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3949-6s the risks of the construction market-place, the decisions the contractor must take when tendering in competition, and the techniques available to contractors in the assessment of their mark-up in formulating their bid price.