Titlebook: Essential Concepts in Toxicogenomics; Donna L. Mendrick,William B. Mattes Book 2008 Humana Press 2008 Annotation.Biomarkers.Genomic data.M

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Microarray Probe Mapping and Annotation in Cross-Species Comparative Toxicogenomics,g transcript from any organism, which then are mapped into the appropriate native locus and finally into the second species via an orthology resource. The results of this method are given for an experiment comparing the transcriptional response of canine liver to phenobarbital with that of rat liver

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Toxicogenomics in Biomarker Discovery, expression data from preclinical studies to find differentially expressed genes that correlate with pathology (coincident biomarker) or precede pathology (leading biomarker) within a lead series; or gene expression profiling can be performed directly on the blood from preclinical studies or clinica

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Public Consortium Efforts in Toxicogenomics,oducibility of microarray results, standard practice for assays and analysis, relevance of microarray results to conventional end points, and robustness of statistical models on diverse data sets. Their results demonstrate the impact that the pooling of resources, experience, expertise, and insight

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Applications of Toxicogenomics to Nonclinical Drug Development: Regulatory Science Considerations,s: (.) constraints arising from continual literature surveillance and data reanalysis burdens, under the shadow of looming subsequent reporting requirements to regulatory authorities as gene expression end points loosely linked to safety gain attention in the published literature, and (.) ambiguitie

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Use of Traditional End Points and Gene Dysregulation to Understand Mechanisms of Toxicity: Toxicoge of toxicologic changes. Identifying genes whose expression is associated with specific toxic end points is an initial step in predicting, characterizing, and understanding toxicity. Analysis of gene function and the chronology of gene expression changes represent additional methods to generate hypo

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Quality Control of Microarray Assays for Toxicogenomic and , Diagnostic Applications,tion, and processing. Bias can be introduced during animal treatment, tissue handling, and sample preparation. Metrics and controls used in assessing RNA integrity and the quality of microarray sample generation are reviewed in this chapter. Regulations and guidelines involved in the application of

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Role of Statistics in Toxicogenomics,ration, gene and pathway level analysis, and finally predictive model building. This type of analysis approach can yield toxicogenomic models that provide validated and reliable information about the toxicity of compounds. In addition, we provide study design recommendations for genomic studies in t

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, Predictive Toxicogenomics,in animal model systems such as the rat. This large volume of data, accompanied by appropriate study designs, compound and dose selection procedure, and minimization of technical and biological confounding effects, can yield successful predictive models for a variety of hypotheses. The process of tr