Titlebook: Equilibrium Thermodynamics; Mário J. Oliveira Textbook 20131st edition Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Carnot Principle.Clausius Gi

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Randolph E. Harr,Alec G. Stanculescut the day and perceive climate changes caused by variations in atmospheric pressure and temperature. We notice that the fire is the most striking manifestation of the daily thermal processes. We learn that it can be used to heat water and make it boil and discover its enormous potentiality to generate motion and useful work.

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Introduction to Part II (INSAM Examples)of an electric field acquires an electric polarization that disappears when the field is removed. For small values of the applied electric field ., the polarization (electric dipole moment per unit volume) of an ordinary dielectric is proportional to the field, that is, . where . is the constant of proportionality.

TRACE

Joule Principle,t the day and perceive climate changes caused by variations in atmospheric pressure and temperature. We notice that the fire is the most striking manifestation of the daily thermal processes. We learn that it can be used to heat water and make it boil and discover its enormous potentiality to generate motion and useful work.

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Magnetic Systems,gnetization and therefore are used as permanent magnets. If heated, however, such materials lose their natural magnetization at a given temperature, called critical temperature .. or Curie temperature, and become paramagnetic.

串通

Dielectrics,of an electric field acquires an electric polarization that disappears when the field is removed. For small values of the applied electric field ., the polarization (electric dipole moment per unit volume) of an ordinary dielectric is proportional to the field, that is, . where . is the constant of proportionality.