Titlebook: Epidemiological and Molecular Aspects on Cholera; T. Ramamurthy,S.K. Bhattacharya Book 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 infe

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Endemic and Epidemic Cholera in Africa,arted from the early 1970s and is rampant till to-date claiming many lives. Though the endemicity of cholera is common in many African and Asian countries, the morbidity and mortality are relatively high in Africa. This has been attributed mainly due to lack of health and hygiene of the population,

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Diversity and Genetic Basis of Polysaccharide Biosynthesis in ,,olysaccharide (CPS) or K-antigen, and “rugose” polysaccharide also known as exopolysaccharide (EPS) or . polysaccharide (VPS). The major protective antigen for . is the O-antigen. A strain typing scheme based on the somatic O-antigen has been in use for a number of years. There are 206 serogroups id

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, Flagellar Synthesis and Virulence, are significantly less reactogenic in human volunteers, but the exact contribution of motility to virulence appears to be multi-factorial. The flagellum of . is a complex structure made up of multiple structural subunits (>40 proteins). Expression of flagellar genes proceeds via a transcription hie

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Filamentous Phages of , O1 and O139,veral types of spheroidal phages and filamentous phages, which are known to have genes encoding several virulence factors. Filamentous phages of . O1 and O139 were classified into two types: fs1 and fs2. The fs1 has several subtypes and presumably play a great role in several epidemics. The receptor