Titlebook: Environmental Impacts of Mountaineering; A Conceptual Framewo Michal Apollo Book 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Na

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Conclusions and Possible Ways Forward,r the transformation of animal behaviour in a given area. For this reason, the impact of various types of tourism in a mountain area is usually considered collectively. However, as has been done in this study, these influences can be partly considered in terms of the animals’ living area, i.e. the hiking, trekking and climbing zones (see Chap. .).

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https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230118362stic landscape) may be degraded. The main factors causing this are littering, human faecal pollution, and noise or light pollution. Tourist infrastructure is also not without significance, which together with the climbing equipment can have a negative impact on the environment.

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