Titlebook: Energy, Information, Feedback, Adaptation, and Self-organization; The Fundamental Elem Spyros G Tzafestas Book 2018 Springer International

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享樂主義者

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35701-6 of complex technological and non-technological systems such as computer-based systems, aircrafts, robots, automation systems, managerial systems, decision support systems, economic systems, etc. It is based on the concepts of “system state vector” and “state-space models” which are applicable to ti

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積習(xí)難改

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-38276-6 structure by their own during their operation, such as to show more order or pattern without the help of external agents. This chapter starts with the ontological question “what is self-organization” and provides representative alternative answers given by eminent workers and thinkers in the field.

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殘酷的地方

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-06192-1ter. For this reason, information manifestations in both natural and man-made systems have attracted the interest of humans through the historical evolution of the humankind. On the life and biological side of information there are two axes of study, namely: (i) the study of the underlying natural/b

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