Titlebook: Energy Metabolism in Farm Animals; Effects of housing, M. W. A. Verstegen,A. M. Henken Book 1987 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht 19

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Virgilio Matheus,Edward C. Benzel M.D.ng heat production and energy balances of animals at various environmental and nutritional conditions. Three sizes of chambers can be distinguished:.They allow measurements with small animals (mice, rats, chicks, piglets), medium sized animals (laying hens, pigs, goats, calves) and large animals (pi

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Spinning Bullets, Bombs, and Rockets,n was measured in an indirect calorimeter of 0.085 m. with 2 animals (1 to 4 days of age) or individual animals (after 4 days of age). They were allowed to suckle about each hour. Mean metabolic rate was 672 kJ/kg./day. It appears that at 6–14 days of age metabolic rate was highest. There was a clea

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-2571-4nvironment. Also feed intake and its use for maintenance and production can be changed. Housing itself may alter maintenance requirements by influencing activity and effective environmental temperature. Many experiments have been conducted to measure environmental/nutritional energetics of swine. At

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Mastering the Art of Conversing, (RH). Feed conversion and body weight gain tended to be better in the cage system. Energy utilization was more efficient in cages, presumably due to a (calculated) lower maintenance energy requirement in this system of 6, 7%..Introduction of a high ambient temperature (to 32°C ) revealed a differen

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Lasset uns gutmachen das Unrecht,gulation of heat loss and thermoneutrality are discussed. The following items are discussed for sows:.A sow should be fed at least 420 kJ ME/kg. for maintenance. At ambient temperatures below 21°C she should be fed an extra 17 kJ/°C/day/kg. to account for the extra thermoregulatory demand..If a sow

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https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230000902ber of studies thermal requirements have been derived. These requirements have been quantified in terms of lower critical temperature, extra thermal heat requirement and depression in rate of gain..Critical temperatures of young piglets are reduced from about 31–34°C at birth to 20°C at 20 kg. Weani

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Reason and Imagination in Spinozan Science,hermoneutrality and one for data of conditions below the thermoneutral zone. In this study a continuous model is developed to describe the relation in the thermoneutral zone and below the critical temperature (Tcr) simultaneously. Data on energy balances as reported by Close (1970) and Verstegen (19

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Spinoza‘s Revolutions in Natural Law of these four thermal conditions was tested at two air velocities (0.2 and 0.8 m/s, respectively)..Live weight loss in pigs housed at 24°C was significantly higher than that in pigs housed at 16°C. During their stay of 44 hrs in the calorimeters the pigs drank on average 4.6 ± 2.4 l/pig. while they