Titlebook: Emergency Neurology; Karen L. Roos Book 2021Latest edition The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Spr

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Central Nervous System Infections,The central nervous system infections that are neurological emergencies are meningitis, encephalitis, focal infectious mass lesions (brain abscess and subdural empyema), and spinal epidural abscess. This chapter will review the diagnosis and management of these neuroinfectious diseases.

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Headache in the Emergency Department, primary headache disorders, such as migraine, cluster, and tension-type headache. When evaluating a patient with headache in the emergency department, the physician must first decide if the headache represents a primary headache disorder or whether there is some other underlying etiology. Once a se

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Low Back Pain Emergencies,f determining whether or not the individual low back pain patient has an emergent or unstable underlying condition. The approach to the patient with acute or subacute low back pain includes a search for red flags in the history and careful physical and neurological examinations that can indicate the

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Syncope,mptoms and signs that precede syncope may include pallor, diaphoresis, a feeling of warmth, nausea, persistent and often progressive generalized weakness, fatigue, cognitive slowing, leg buckling, visual blurring occasionally proceeding to blindness, and the “coat hanger” headache (a triangular head

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Acute Visual Loss,patients appear in the emergency department or a neurologist’s office when the ocular examination is normal or when it suggests a neurologic disorder. Indeed, many causes of monocular or binocular acute visual loss may reveal or precede a neurologic process. In this situation, a quick and simple cli

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Diplopia, Third Nerve Palsies, and Sixth Nerve Palsies,e most frequent. This chapter focuses on recognition and diagnosis of these cranial neuropathies in neurological emergencies that carry a high risk of major morbidity or mortality. Emergencies discussed include alterations in intracranial pressure, intracranial aneurysms, fungal sinusitis, suppurati

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Intracerebral Hemorrhage,pertension accounts for the majority of ICH, other common causes include cerebral amyloid angiopathy, sympathomimetic drugs of abuse, and underlying arteriovenous malformations. Validated baseline predictors of clinical outcome after ICH include the Glasgow Coma Scale Score, hematoma volume, presenc