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Introduction,s, almost as soon as the Western democracies had solved the fascist challenge to their social and economic structure, an old enemy, Communism, renewed its claim as a plausible alternative to the capitalist economy. The struggle between the two systems, which engulfed almost the entire world, was uni

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1945/1946: the Tripartite Statement,sh Commonwealth, with some help from French contingents, had liberated most of Western Europe. The nightmare of fascism belonged to the past. Nevertheless, the Iberian Peninsula was still dominated by a totalitarian regime. Only months before the outbreak of the Second World War, General Francisco P

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The UN Barks,r ambassador in Moscow, Secretary of State Dean Acheson and Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal. Two weeks earlier George Kennan, the US Chargé-d’affaires in Moscow, sent a 8000-word message outlining Russia’s . This “l(fā)ong telegram”, as it became known, argued that the international doctrine of Co

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Return to Spain, but unlike before the war, Britain now had a large trade deficit, mainly created through trade with the US. A dollar gap developed and, naturally, Britain was looking for trade outside the dollar area to avoid further widening of this gap. Within the British trade system, Spain was no exception. Br

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Year of Change,for gains from closer relations. First, with a permanent base in Spain, costs could be reduced by cheaper repairs, refuelling and general maintenance near the theatre of operations. Secondly, the fact that naval forces in the Mediterranean were placed under an independent command, the Sixth Fleet, f

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Korea and New Concerns, that this would stretch their supply lines to the limit. If this was the case, Spain had little interest in joining the West. Kennan claimed that political concessions made to Spain would bring no military gratitude, only a new excess of Falangist arrogance. This reluctance to approach Spain by pol

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Analysis in Washington,eport estimated that this would increase Spain’s industrial product by 6–8 per cent and agricultural production by 12–20 per cent. He suggested that during the first year $20 million should go towards military-related industries such as a power grid in Seville, steam-generating stations, and road re

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