Titlebook: Elementary engineering fracture mechanics; David Broek Book 1982 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, The Hague 1982 alloy.cracks.damage.dynamics.

等待

ESO

START

Senescent

熱心

放縱

Lucubrate

Elastic-plastic fracturere still takes place at stresses which arc low in comparison with the yield stress there are ways to arrive at a satisfactory rationale to handle the problem. If, however, the plastic zone is large compared to the crack size (high fracture stress and/or high crack resistance) linear elastic fracture mechanics do not apply any longer.

半身雕像

Fracture of structureslure of one single airplane or reactor vessel is already a major catastrophe. The financial losses due to failure of one storage tank, or due to the down time of a power plant after a major failure, are expressed in millions of dollars.

防止

Summary of basic problems and conceptsenturies metal-working was laborious and extremely costly. Estimates go that the equipment of a knight and horse in the thirteenth century was of the equivalent price of a Centurion tank in World War II.

蒸發(fā)

The energy principleThe energy required for crack growth must then be delivered as a release of elastic energy. If the ends of the plate are free to move during crack extension, work is done by the external load. In this case the elastic energy content of the plate increases instead of decreasing.